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Red Square
St. Basil's Cathedral at the southern end of Red Square, sits just outside the Kremlin. The Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed also sits just outside the Kremlin. This is perhaps one of the most familiar and glorious sites associated with Moscow and the Kremlin. In 1552, Czar Ivan IV, known as Ivan the Terrible, commissioned two Russian architects to build a magnificent cathedral in celebration of the Russian victory over the Tartars. The architects clustered together eight individual churches, each with its own cupola or dome, around one central belfry to create this cathedral. Each church was dedicated to the saint on whose feast day the eight major victories over the Tartars were won. Today, St. Basil's is part of the State Historical Museum.
Vladimir Lenin's Mausoleum on the western edge of Red Square, nestled up against the exterior of the Kremlin wall, stands as a monument to the founder of the Soviet Union. Following his death in 1924, Lenin's embalmed body was placed in a temporary wooden mausoleum after government offices were flooded with telegrams requesting the construction of a shrine to the illustrious revolutionary. Although Lenin had clearly indicated his desire not to be immortalized, the temporary structure was replaced in 1929 with the granite and black labradorite version seen today. Each year, thousands of people line up for the opportunity to view Lenin in his glass-enclosed bier and to watch the hourly ritual of the changing of the guard. test |
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